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Shabazz Founded His Own Group

Now known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, the powerful leader began his own group, Organization of Afro-American Unity, in 1964. Facing death threats for his split from the NOI, Shabazz believed in arming one’s self but only in the manner of self-defense and not aggression. The group’s membership rose rapidly, causing then-FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover to place the OOAU under his intense scrutiny. His sister, Ella, tried to keep the organization going after his death, but it eventually collapsed.

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